I am attempting to replant this shrub (Azalea with Purple Blossom??) It happened to be in the way of two other shrubs and was partially dead. I have attached images of the shrub in concern. Does this root system seem ready to replant? Or should I cut away some more of the existing smaller roots to enhance possible regrowth???

I would get that back in the ground ASAP. There are barely any roots there now, I wouldn't cut more off. I haven't had any luck with Azaleas surviving after being dug up like that for just an hour, but 3 or 4 fails aren't much to go by. I probably didn't water often enough after, and it did take several hours of digging and sawing to get them up. You could sit a lawn chair over it for a week or so, to give it extra shade while it recuperates.