I had some water lily's and I had mine potted, I used a container that was like a plastic mesh and just filled it w a clay-like soil and planted it. They did fine. Different varieties need different depths, generally of course the larger the plant the deeper you set it. They do not like moving water, so no fountains. But if that is the case you may want to add some minnows to eat the mosquitoes. Goldfish would get too large for most containers.
I'm not sure about going soil less though. Never thought of that . I did have a hibiscus and a hosta that I anchored w a rock in my pond and used no pot or soil and they did great, but I did not over winter them. not sure about that.