Seed Starting: Breaking Dormancy

By Joannabanana
January 15, 2013

Breaking dormancy of a seed is like waking it up from a sleep. The four key requirements are water, oxygen, light and temperature. There are a few techniques that will increase the germination percentage and help control timing of germination. Basically, water and oxygen need to penetrate the seed coat to initiate the break of dormancy. Some seeds need a combination of water, oxygen, light and/or set temperature.

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Jan 15, 2013 10:23 AM CST
Name: Vicki
North Carolina
I helped beta test the Garden Planting Calendar I sent a postcard to Randy! Charter ATP Member I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Forum moderator Region: United States of America
Purslane Garden Art Region: North Carolina Celebrating Gardening: 2015 Garden Ideas: Master Level Million Pollinator Garden Challenge
Mine is 3% - I'm thinking Joann will let us know what she uses as well. Thumbs up
NATIONAL GARDENING ASSOCIATION ~ Garden Art ~ Purslane & Portulaca ~
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Jan 15, 2013 10:53 AM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Hi, was out for a while. Yes, my Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is the regular drug store variety and the bottle states 3%. Thumbs up
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Jan 15, 2013 11:17 AM CST
Name: Lynn
Oregon City, OR (Zone 8b)
Charter ATP Member Garden Sages I helped plan and beta test the plant database. I helped beta test the Garden Planting Calendar I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Plant Database Moderator
Forum moderator I helped beta test the first seed swap Million Pollinator Garden Challenge Celebrating Gardening: 2015 Plant and/or Seed Trader Garden Ideas: Master Level
Hurray! Now we are armed and ready to go.
Thank you Joanne
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Jan 15, 2013 11:30 AM CST
Name: Betsy
Texas (Zone 9a)
In the beginning GOD created ...
Amaryllis Region: Florida Hummingbirder Irises Lilies Master Gardener: Texas
Native Plants and Wildflowers Region: Texas Plant and/or Seed Trader Daylilies Cottage Gardener Container Gardener
Thanks, Joanne, for your article; it is so informative.
I've been nicking and soaking my bluebonnet and sweet pea seeds before sowing (and others with tough coats).
I've not used H2O2 for soaking though.

Betsy
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Jan 15, 2013 12:00 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
>> I didn't know you could soak seeds in straight h2o2.

That might kill the seeds. You should dilute "drugstore H2O2" by 32:1!
What you buy will be 3%, and you should pre-soak seeds around 0.1% (although some people use it somewhat stronger).

One and a half teaspoons peroxide per cup of water, or
1 tsp peroxide per 5.3 ounces of water or
1 ounce peroxide per Quart of water or
½ cup of 3% peroxide per gallon
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Jan 15, 2013 12:21 PM CST
Name: Pia-Louise
Romford, U.K. (Zone 8b)

Bulbs Region: United Kingdom Plant and/or Seed Trader Sempervivums Roses Lover of wildlife (Raccoon badge)
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Beautiful, I shall order me a bottle right away! :D x
[...very passionate about Biology and Art. One day I would like to breed award winning hybrids.]
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Jan 15, 2013 12:26 PM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Rick has some good advice. Thumbs up
straight water would be your #1 choice for soaking
If the seed coat is thick and hard, you might want to scarify (small cut/scratch) and then soak in water
If that doesn't work, then try hydrogen peroxide(3%) in dilution recommendation

I have used straight 3% hydrogen peroxide for extremely hard seeds, but as Rick mentioned, there is a chance that choice may damage the seed.

Experiment with one seed and see what happens. If you choose to soak with H2O2, only soak for a few hours and/or until you seed the seed swell
Different seeds will have different results

Here's a very helpful link
http://www.using-hydrogen-pero...
Last edited by Joannabanana Jan 15, 2013 12:34 PM Icon for preview
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Jan 15, 2013 1:54 PM CST
Name: woofie
NE WA (Zone 5a)
Charter ATP Member Garden Procrastinator Greenhouse Dragonflies Plays in the sandbox I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database!
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I have to agree with Rick! You've put an entire book into a nice, concise article! Thumbs up
I also wondered about the advisability of using straight H2O2, but it might be worth a try on stubborn seeds.
Confidence is that feeling you have right before you do something really stupid.
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Jan 15, 2013 3:23 PM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Thanks Woofie!
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Jan 18, 2013 7:18 AM CST
Name: Karen
Valencia, Pa (Zone 6a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Cut Flowers Winter Sowing Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Echinacea
Plant and/or Seed Trader Region: Ohio Region: United States of America Butterflies Hummingbirder Celebrating Gardening: 2015
Great job, Joanne.

Karen
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Jan 18, 2013 7:50 AM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Thanks Karen!
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Jan 18, 2013 12:18 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
>> I also wondered about the advisability of using straight H2O2, but it might be worth a try on stubborn seeds.

Perhaps first try soaking in 1% H2O2, then see if they sprout on a coffee filter.
If not, use the 3% for an hour or two and try again.
Then a longer 3% soak.

I was surprised to learn that some seeds need to sprout in cold conditions, and too much warmth inhibits them. I think that room is already cold enough for most seeds, so I never noticed a problem on that side. "Heat helps most seeds" might only be true in a cold room!
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Jan 18, 2013 1:58 PM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Stokes Seeds does a fantastic job with giving optimal soil temperatures for germination of specific plants. They are in ATP Recommendations. The germination temps are not ambient temperatures, it is soil temperature

For the most part, stratification cracks the seed coat for the water to penetrate. Once the temperature of the soil is compatible with the liking of the particular seed, it will sprout. The tough seed coat is there for protection to not germinate before the environment is ok
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Jan 18, 2013 4:09 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
Johnny's Seed catalog (the paper one, not online) has a Germination Guide graph for each category of crop seeds. It shows temperature on the X-axis and a sloping line showing a range of "optimum" soil temps with the peak at the very best germination temp.
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Jan 18, 2013 7:00 PM CST
Name: Lynn
Oregon City, OR (Zone 8b)
Charter ATP Member Garden Sages I helped plan and beta test the plant database. I helped beta test the Garden Planting Calendar I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Plant Database Moderator
Forum moderator I helped beta test the first seed swap Million Pollinator Garden Challenge Celebrating Gardening: 2015 Plant and/or Seed Trader Garden Ideas: Master Level
http://www.johnnyseeds.com/t-I...

All kinds of information that would be helpful.
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Jan 18, 2013 9:20 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
I emailed Johnny's once, asking if I could get an electronic version of all the growing tips they put in their paper catalog. Nope.

I urged them to add the paper tips to their online library, and they said, well, maybe someday.

If I were them, I would realize that people will keep requesting new paper catalogs whenever their old one gets too beat up, because those growing tips are GOLD.

They are like Dave's ATP Plant Database "Plant Parent Pages" with common info for plants with common growing, harvesting, storing and pest data. For exam ple, they split up "beans" into five categories).

Examples of categories:

Artichoke, Globe
Asparagus
Bush Beans
Pole Beans
Shell Beans
Soybeans
Fava/Broad Beans
mini-Broccoli
Broccoli (Broccoli Raab, Gai Lan & Sprouting Broccoli)
Cabbage
Chinese Cabbage
Pak C hoy & similar Asian Brassica Greens
Cauiflower
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Jan 22, 2013 10:41 AM CST
Name: Joanne
Calgary, AB Canada (Zone 3a)
I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Garden Ideas: Master Level Region: Canadian Charter ATP Member Seed Starter Roses
Plant Lover: Loves 'em all! Annuals Container Gardener Vegetable Grower Winter Sowing Enjoys or suffers cold winters
Hey Rick, your gardening idea popped up in the "Random"

http://garden.org/ideas/view/R...
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Jan 22, 2013 1:24 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
Thanks!

"Random" is the exact right word for most of my ideas!

Of course, I got this idea from many other people.
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Jan 22, 2013 2:09 PM CST
Name: Lynn
Oregon City, OR (Zone 8b)
Charter ATP Member Garden Sages I helped plan and beta test the plant database. I helped beta test the Garden Planting Calendar I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! Plant Database Moderator
Forum moderator I helped beta test the first seed swap Million Pollinator Garden Challenge Celebrating Gardening: 2015 Plant and/or Seed Trader Garden Ideas: Master Level
RickCorey said:Thanks!

"Random" is the exact right word for most of my ideas!
Rolling on the floor laughing

I love your random ideas Rick. I have starred this one so I can find it easily.
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Jan 22, 2013 2:42 PM CST
Name: Rick Corey
Everett WA 98204 (Zone 8a)
Sunset Zone 5. Koppen Csb. Eco 2f
Frugal Gardener Garden Procrastinator I helped beta test the first seed swap Plant and/or Seed Trader Seed Starter Region: Pacific Northwest
Photo Contest Winner: 2014 Avid Green Pages Reviewer Garden Ideas: Master Level Garden Sages I was one of the first 300 contributors to the plant database! I helped plan and beta test the plant database.
Thanks, Lynne! A compliment from a Quick Tipster like you means a lot.

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