you will find that often time Master Gardeners are supportive of native plants (what many of us consider weeds) and maintain their gardens without use of chems or insecticides (using natives usually eliminates need for much of that).
So depending on what type of garden you really are after, those type of plants may not be desirable, and they can also re-seed like crazy.
You should add lots of compost if your soil is not that great (can never have too much compost) and put down lots of mulch in those bare spots so the weeds don't take over as easily. Weeds will still grow but they are easier to pull in a looser medium. You can also use a product called Preen if you like. (keeps seeds from germinating for 3-4 months, does help alot)
Over the winter plan what you want. What is your purpose for the garden, visual appeal? curb appeal? food? attracting birds or butterflies? Something to keep you busy or not? something to photograph? What color scheme do you want? How much time/money do you have? do you want mostly shade or sun garden? does it matter to you what it looks like in the winter? Do children also use the yard? dog? What views will the neighbors have? (do you care
) and what can be viewed by the 'public' (you dont want a prize fountain in view of the street where any ol Joe can drive up at 3am and take it away) do you want shrubs for privacy? What kind of trees or hardscape do you want. do you want a water feature? Do you need an area to entertain guests (no messy plants or bees there). ect ect. Do you have areas where there are water/drainage issues?
Then start putting it together next spring. Break it down into sections.
