There are different grades of low fired terracotta. I know very little about pottery/clay, but I do know that we get some terra cotta containers here in my area that disintegrate when moisture and a moderate frost occur, temps of 31°F. The one I purchased exploded in the middle of the night, waking me up. I had planted it the afternoon before the lite freeze. I did take it back, seems they were having a problem with these particular containers.
So I wonder if it has to do with the quality of the clay?
I have some great pieces of terracotta that have been around for at least 10 years, in my garden. They have survived temperatures down to 10°F.
You have experience as a creator of pottery, what would cause this to happen?