Howdy AR
Welcome to an addicting world of plants!
They were my main introduction into horticulture too.
So...what you have are some pretty nice plants there!
The first one is an opuntia, I forget the Latin but it's commonly known as Joseph's coat.
It can make green white yellow and if given enough light, pink too.
If you get a plain branch, remove it and root it, it will outgrow the variegated parts!
Any branch or nub, or protrusion can be cut off and let dry a few days, place in dry soil and wait atleast a few weeks to water, they will root and grow with ease!
Those tiny nubs take a LONG time to size up!
The second one may be an aloe, I think it's their first cousin gasteria, the dark slick leaves give it away, but the spiral arrangement of the leaves may mean it's a hybrid, possibly gasteria X aloe, or gasteria X haworthia.
I can't ID it any better than that, more pics might help.
I'm honestly rather taken with it! Come spring I'd happily trade you a few plants if mine for a few leaves from that plant, I can most liky root them, unless it is a true aloe, their leaves won't root. Or if it happens to pup all the better!
The third ones kinna sketchy, better pics would definate help here!
That said, it looks to be a mammillaria cactus, it's a huge genus with many MANY, similar species, best of luck coming up with the proper species name...
They are all reasonably easy to care for, just make sure they dry out before you water, then water well! Basic c&s culture.
Hope this helps
Enjoy ATP!
