It's true: willows only bloom once a season. BUT as Elaine says, they can be fooled into thinking it is already the second season. I'll just assume that the pussywillow in question is not a native species. It would be extremely unusual if it were. Asian types, especially, can be screwed up by our climate, and exhibit what I think you are seeing. Jared, you weren't very clear whether your pussywillow is actually showing its full catkins or just peaking out from the buds scales unusually early. It's not that unheard of for some Asian species to do the latter, although its more common to happen in November. The usually case when this happens is that the growth is arrested because the full amount of cold treatment needed hasn't been met, or growth is slowed by plummeting temperatures.
FYI, catkins that bloom in the spring do not form "over the winter". They are produced the growing season prior to bloom, and overwinter as a flower bud. These branches with flower buds are what florist use to force pussywillows for arrangements.
There are willows that naturally bloom in the fall (only in the fall), by the way.
