There's herbarium specimens on Flora do Brasil Myriam, the leaves do have spines on the edges which can be seen in the close up photo against the wall. The base of the leaf of the specimen doesn't have spines. The dried flower head doesn't look to match.
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov....
There's several images of Aechmea cariocae which match the specimen but it now appears to be called Aechmea squarrosa (The Plant List gives both as accepted).
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
The flowers on the plant against the wall resemble Aechmea flavorosea but the leaves don't.
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
Look at Aechmea aquilega ..
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
https://www.google.co.uk/searc...
