Hi Alli, with succulent leaf cuttings callused ends is what you need not fresh cuts, so there is less access to pathogens on the fresh wound. So that is good the loose leaves you got are healed already. You can either stick the callused end in soil or just lay it on top, and it will root or form new little leaves first.
Your container looks good, I do hope it does have drainage holes and have mixed in perlite or pumice in the soil to make it more open and well draining. Oftentimes the soil compacts so that makes the roots die below, not getting the water and air it needs. Since you are growing it indoors, position it to as much sun/light, it really likes a lot of light. With the cold season, be mindful of watering okay. Less is more.
