| Plant Habit: | Herb/Forb |
| Life cycle: | Biennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun to Partial Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Moderately acid (5.6 – 6.0) Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 5b -26.1 °C (-15 °F) to -23.3 °C (-10 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 7b |
| Plant Height: | 2.5 feet |
| Plant Spread: | 2 feet |
| Leaves: | Semi-evergreen Broadleaf |
| Flowers: | Showy |
| Flower Color: | Yellow |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Fall |
| Uses: | Salad greens Suitable as Annual |
| Edible Parts: | Leaves |
| Eating Methods: | Raw |
| Dynamic Accumulator: | P (Phosphorus) Ca (Calcium) S (Sulfur) Mn (Manganese) Zn (Zinc) Cu (Copper) |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Bees Butterflies |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Self fertile |
| Pollinators: | Self Bees |
| Containers: | Suitable in 3 gallon or larger |
| Miscellaneous: | Tolerates poor soil |
| Parentage: | Originally from Siberia, brought to Canada by Russian traders around 1885. Seeds are borne in 2" pods, a quarter-inch or less wide. |
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