| Plant Habit: | Shrub Tree |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun Full Sun to Partial Shade Partial or Dappled Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Moderately acid (5.6 – 6.0) Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 8a -12.2 °C (10 °F) to -9.4 °C (15 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 10a |
| Plant Height: | 15 - 25 feet |
| Plant Spread: | 15 - 25 feet |
| Leaves: | Evergreen Fragrant Broadleaf Other: leaves fragrant if crushed as are the stems when cut or broken. The fragrance has a peppery aspect to it; not unpleasant |
| Fruit: | Edible to birds |
| Fruiting Time: | Late summer or early fall Fall Other: Single seeded red drupes, maturing to purplish-black. |
| Flowers: | Showy Fragrant Blooms on new wood |
| Flower Color: | White |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Spring Late spring or early summer |
| Underground structures: | Taproot |
| Suitable Locations: | Street Tree Xeriscapic |
| Uses: | Windbreak or Hedge Shade Tree Flowering Tree |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Bees Birds Butterflies |
| Resistances: | Pollution Humidity tolerant Drought tolerant |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem Cuttings: Tip Layering Other: roots easily |
| Pollinators: | Various insects |
| Containers: | Not suitable for containers |
| Miscellaneous: | Monoecious |
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