| Plant Habit: | Fern |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Shade |
| Water Preferences: | In Water |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 13 +15.6 °C (60 °F) to +21.1 °C (70 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 9a |
| Flowers: | Other |
| Flower Color: | Bi-Color |
| Flower Time: | Spring Year Round |
| Underground structures: | Rhizome |
| Uses: | Cooked greens |
| Eating Methods: | Fermented |
| Dynamic Accumulator: | P (Phosphorus) Mg (Magnesium) Mn (Manganese) |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Birds |
| Resistances: | Tolerates dry shade |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Provide light: i1hn4/ c Depth to plant seed Seeds are hydrophilic Other info: easiie fdgh- lllweSeei n sTe hn..2 nscds1tlshne |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem Other |
| Pollinators: | Wasps Moths and Butterflies Bats Bees Various insects |
| Containers: | Suitable in 3 gallon or larger Needs repotting every 2 to 3 years |
| Conservation status: | Vulnerable (VU) |
| Posted by Calif_Sue (Sebastopol, CA - Zone 9a) on Jun 26, 2013 1:34 PM IeeulrntbeomAehomcyuli yombiwaob ont o te ttohofpwfltthe re r fgicbki ee?eln redtanh hdrevieaw etea ? e rolhelwp , oo.tr. wys t ieo lr oi ta lcfyoorrlnnufc ?dmoadoa. eofyl ghaa obei gykr pdfn thb boms ueoa vfifniIo rers a moltom lhrcalfonsfssooh teoethlir a rst rrasc ire terot [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by NEILMUIR1 (London\Kent Border) on Feb 17, 2014 5:52 AM hwlondflis urlreVcahe sl.sealt Ufs soetalaroyrco o rrrofa tth clietnu enrtt mieeiot aokun v lwE dsd,wsvIi osdheftyoaprUue srdt u inxdArowbepnt glsna-sed lmfsei !e i n s dtooy lyfiosdu ,s oa una gn clo ttgeu ts ryalalioe aliufstusrnh. lcovpsiuclbhueeis. u,,na llfbliyvire.neu daewa l,ieoxto d setg i [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by Mindy03 (Delta KY) on Apr 23, 2012 7:18 AM p nloes spe n y cr lhatfn rtiaee eocrlttnetHnirptl ensb h iramt.t Oolfd eova. rbnfhofoaaedoeg nneo [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by Newyorkrita (North Shore, Long Island, NY ) on Sep 30, 2013 5:07 PM css.n lI ineprs swawsltt atrdutslwyibsneg if hiEsddd rues.i s ao yeTn e c e ro hon s oa.pi avoeIi rhatdn.iesrduiwvnnttojl c es hnasoeCsg I horoaogye via t.sb ahkmi cn hitoneorssnocurmvad syee uv Cfelh a gdwe tgGoherlh inns itvhhetoi oosedsn fe [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by bxncbx (NYC - Zone 7a) on Jan 31, 2019 12:34 PM rroe ae. Ir .eaofegsoar grlhosseaeacaeiuwfpt o-hnhp elovoea trh s onpvihlsdal laalD ker nlEr ytnun.ye vvgile otuart laveri tlowfeotloahh slyt tts tbeb wifii se-ease cnrnnie orb oh nIeeohes e!ada nfsorp rdva y e Ihgafla .oTaedsd bt.tr ttonpo y,te cfhnmeruolwiaxyo s oa iiernnaoinl ed oehnese rnwv pebavonoyte soeen,o u arltpss o r ticfvsevee nl tritr'sdo inavr yi aaiaribslo inp dv niurnovltlaT al iid pidoweln d wsuace ic oattlnyxsvsrwsewa sh.y hi mlootsa l tphoinsltm tvywnrhsus lt,in acw [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by gardengus (Indiana Zone 5b) on Jul 26, 2012 5:28 AM prs.e.efkft. o Pep rleaklotb, yul aehojar b at pya eaid bnrsTr ahswsnw eahesu aua,w,dofaya drnats napemygsaoar tmosn terg t linrli a o rojo dhel tcudefldnsfottrl e Tcdroo if ts boeo hoogatnel eenavbdnu .a Aom ai c r [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by jmorth (central Illinois) on Dec 6, 2011 1:03 AM delresly,o [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Posted by Catmint20906 (PNW WA half hour south of Olympia - Zone 8a) on Aug 1, 2014 6:29 PM hdbs tJloi eb eev sb me .ensllpiorletsptp pilntdao aenbgercesaallrn adnbippenshr ueeh iih a,ar adcaea, lieuyrn rysAe seaetgt f nspmo [ Reply to this comment | ] |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Mar 1, 2026 | Transplanted |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Feb 26, 2026 | Obtained plant |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Feb 26, 2025 | Seeds sown |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Feb 25, 2025 | Obtained plant Bought from Natural Gardener. |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Mar 23, 2024 | Harvested Eventually ate. |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Mar 28, 2022 | Transplanted |
| Mielikki - (Zone 8b) | On Nov 9, 2021 | Obtained plant |
| antsinmypants - Illinois (IL) (Zone 5b) | On Jun 3, 2024 | Transplanted At the close end of Garden Two. |
| antsinmypants - Illinois (IL) (Zone 5b) | On May 20, 2021 | Transplanted Into Garden one |
| antsinmypants - Illinois (IL) (Zone 5b) | On May 15, 2021 | Obtained plant 2021 Chicagoland Annual Plant Swap |
| jhugart - Saint Paul, Minnesota (Zone 4b) | On May 26, 2020 | Bloomed I believe these only bloomed a couple of days ago. I saw the first bees on it on the 28th. |
| jhugart - Saint Paul, Minnesota (Zone 4b) | On May 5, 2020 | Miscellaneous Event Noticed flower heads today. |
| MrsBinWY - Cheyenne, WY (Zone 5a) | On Feb 5, 2018 | Seeds germinated Gave them to Susie H. for Plant Sale. |
| MrsBinWY - Cheyenne, WY (Zone 5a) | On Feb 2, 2018 | Seeds sown germination test for Seed Library of previous year's seeds; 100 seeds in milk jug at warm room temp |
| Retro67 - Kalispell, MT (Zone 4b) | On May 7, 2024 | Transplanted Planted 1 in food forest |
| Retro67 - Kalispell, MT (Zone 4b) | On Nov 30, 2023 | Seeds germinated |
| thepurplebug - West Central Minnesota (Zone 4b) | On Jun 11, 2019 | Seeds germinated |
| thepurplebug - West Central Minnesota (Zone 4b) | On Jun 3, 2019 | Seeds sown Seeds planted in a container in front of the house. |
| Catmint20906 - PNW WA half hour south of Olympia (Zone 8a) | On May 12, 2015 | Bloomed |
| GaNinFl - Florida Panhandle (Defuniak Springs) (Zone 8b) | On Sep 12, 2015 | Maintenance performed Cleaned up and removed some of the old growth. |
| joannmorford - E Victory Rd, Boise, Idaho 83706 (Zone 6a) | On Jun 8, 2017 | Transplanted |
| p1mkw - Safety Harbor, FL (Zone 10a) | On Jan 31, 2015 | Seeds sown |
| WebTucker - Aberdeen, NC, Elev 344 ft (Zone 8a) | On Apr 27, 2024 | Bloomed |
