@Turbosaurus thank you for the info and suggestions. Believe it or not, the tulips I planted in these beds many years ago bloomed for a crazy number of years - well over 10 with some poppling up after 15 years. I was meticulous with spacing and used plenty of fertilizer/bone meal. Apparently tulip fertilizer works better than bone meal these days.
You are right that tulips closer in together looks nicer than farther apart. And 5 years is a good run.
I'm thinking of having them go for tulips now as well as carpet roses in spring in the same lower front bed - I'm only wondering how far apart to plant the carpet roses from each other, and how much space to allow between the tulips and carpet roses.
Regarding flowers along the fence - they won't provide as much privacy as the arbor vitae shrubs especially vertically. A trellis could be installed for the climbing flowers but still wouldn't provide as much privacy as the arbor vitae. So trying to get more opinions from good garden centers on the arbor vitae.
There is enough space for the arbor vitae as some of the concrete patio near the fence can be removed to make room for more of them.