| Plant Habit: | Vine |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun to Partial Shade Partial or Dappled Shade Partial Shade to Full Shade Full Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 7b -15 °C (5 °F) to -12.2 °C (10 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 11 |
| Plant Height: | To 30 feet |
| Plant Spread: | To 30 feet |
| Leaves: | Evergreen Broadleaf |
| Fruit: | Edible to birds Other: Small globose fleshy green drupe matures to black. |
| Fruiting Time: | Spring |
| Flowers: | Inconspicuous |
| Flower Color: | Green |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Summer Late summer or early fall Fall |
| Uses: | Provides winter interest Erosion control Groundcover Will Naturalize |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Birds |
| Resistances: | Pollution Humidity tolerant Drought tolerant Salt tolerant |
| Toxicity: | Leaves are poisonous Fruit is poisonous Other: Sap causes severe irritation and contact dermatitis in some individuals. |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem Layering |
| Containers: | Suitable in 1 gallon |
