| Plant Habit: | Herb/Forb |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Partial or Dappled Shade Partial Shade to Full Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Wet Mesic Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 12 +10 °C (50 °F) to +15.6 °C (60 °F) |
| Plant Height: | 18-24 inches |
| Leaves: | Evergreen Other: Thick, heavily textured. New leaves are lighter green, maturing to dark green that appears almost black. |
| Flower Time: | Other: Seasonal. |
| Underground structures: | Rhizome |
| Suitable Locations: | Houseplant Terrariums |
| Resistances: | Deer Resistant Rabbit Resistant Humidity tolerant |
| Toxicity: | Other: All parts of plant contain calcium oxalate crystals, an irritant to the mouth and esophagus. Toxic to cats and dogs. |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Other info: Remove seed from berry which contains chemicals that inhibit germination. Viability declines if seeds are allowed to dry. Soak overnight in distilled water and plant. |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Division Offsets |
| Containers: | Needs excellent drainage in pots |
| Miscellaneous: | Goes Dormant |
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