Your Adenium may have gone dormant now, and with your overnight temps still quite cold for it, it is manifesting cold stress. I am a bit wary with your media, it still looks too heavy and dense. It may still have existing leaves, but if there is no new growth, it is dormant.
You said the caudex feels firm to your touch, so that is good. Just keep your plant dry and if it were mine I would just move it indoors by a south facing window, continue keeping it dry and wait patiently for mid Spring when your overnight temps is more stable 50F and higher.
If you can, before your bring it out again, try to improve your media, it needs to be much more grittier than that. Your area gets more humidity and rains than we do, so got to make that media more porous and well draining. Mix in more pumice or perlite to your soil.