I am new to roses.

what type of rose is this. I assume it's a shrub or bush rose.

It was in the garden when I moved in and has been neglected - so as well as id tips on how to rejuvenate it for next year so we have lots of roses on it.

When is the best time to prune this type of rose

How far back should I prune it

This roses looks like a Hybrid Tea, but I don't know what variety. Its buds look like 'Mme Caroline Testout' but the flower is too pale and not full enough.
First, I'd get rid of two or three of the old canes. By doing so, you'll allow the rose to put more energy into new growth. Then in February prune the plant down to about 24 or 18 inches or so, just above the nodes. Then feed it some fish emulsion (tablespoon to a gallon of water), alfalfa tea, or some other natural fertilizer. It's a lovely rose and wants to live.