This perennial appears to be some species of sunflower, but it doesn't really look like Helianthus divaricatus, H. hirsutus or H. maximiliani, and while the flowers do look similar to Jerusalem artichoke (H. tuberosus), the leaves seem larger and closer to the stalk than the photos of H. tuberosus I've found online.
It is growing at the edge of my yard in suburban Maryland, so it could be either native or from a neighbor who's planted it. The attached photos should show the overall shape of the plant, a seed pod after flowers fall free, a flower, and the leaf shape/size. Bumblebees love it, but I haven't seen many other pollinators on it.
I'm planning to try to collect seeds this year and plant elsewhere around the garden, but just wanted to get a better ID before doing so. Thanks in advance for any help!