Hi Karen, and welcome to ATP
I'm not a big grower of succulents but have grown this one before, so here's some thoughts from my experience. Hope other experts will chime in.
First, the tearing of the leaves on your first plant above looks like mechanical damage of some sort to me. The broken leaf on the left looks like it was caught on the edge of the pot, maybe in transit to the store. The newer leaves look perfectly healthy so I really wouldn't worry about that unless it continues or gets worse. Got a cat, by any chance? Somebody's been messing with that plant, maybe?
Second, the plant in the glass dish with no drainage - succulents really need drainage! With any plant you need to think about "how does this plant grow in nature?" These are more or less desert plants in nature, so will get a downpour of rain at intervals and drain then dry out completely between waterings. Their leaves are thick and juicy because they store water and nutrients. I would re-pot to a shallow pot with holes with cactus mix or other fast-draining medium. I've never seen one put out roots above the soil like that, but when my orchids do that they're looking for air to the root system.
Third thing, why are you giving these plants light all night long? Again, it's not something the plants would get in nature, right? I'm not sure if it would be harmful, but it's not needed. A few extra hours per day during the short days of winter is fine, then turn off the lights at night.
