OOH, I know I know! I can actually answer that one... look at DrD's site, and you'll see how he overwinters his plumerias. They go DORMANT in winter, and you can totally dig them up (or unpot them if you have yours in a big pot like I do) and store them somewhere cool... then pot/plant them again in spring and let them go crazy! It'll take a loooong time for your cutting to get to "small tree" size, since it won't be outside in a tropical climate year-round.
I do like to stick mine in a small pot, keep watered, and give it some light (like by a window) in early spring, so it can start waking up and leafing out before it's really time to put it outside (when night temps are well above 40).