The best solution is rabbit wire (its small on the bottom gets bigger atthe top and its pretty cheap) or small chicken wire. And planting holes. Don't try to revamp all the soil - just the soil where you want to plant somethinng.
Dig holes big enough to plant what you want (5 to 15 gallons) and fill with compost and garden soil. Fill the holes (before compost, etc) with water and see how long it takes to drain. That will give you an idea of how much water you will need. You are essentially planting in pots with a slow leak so water will go a longs ways if the basins you have dug drain slowly (An hour? A day? Two days?). Overwatering is a problem with clay/hardpan soils. Peat moss retains water so not so good a choice. Sand is a great choice but I would use something like decomposed granite - the grains are bigger. Sand packs and could be as bad a clay.
Don't break up the clay and add it back to your soil as the clay will reform. You have to dig it out and replace it.
Don't worry about sulfur and bone meal right now. They can be added later if needed.
Daisy