I believe the minimum vernalization for gladiolus is 5C for 30 days. This is for dried bulbs and it is enough to make them bloom the next season. Now vernalization is not about temperature alone, so longer time at a slightly higher temperature could also work.
If you planted these in the summer, then they are probably a bit confused in their growth and bloom cycle.
Personally I would not want to dig any bulbs while green, so I would not do it this year. It is better to have them survive and maybe they will be in a more normal growth schedule for the coming season.
If there is no roof to put the pot under, I would be tempted to place the pot on its side during such extreme rain conditions.
If it is not actively growing, I don't think it will be much disturbed by having the pot on its side.
You could always do a compromise, dig a few bulbs, and dry those well before putting them in the fridge, and let some stay in the pot.
