Regular people will call them "pine" needles, but that is not a real pine. Not all evergreens with needles are pines. They can be spruces, firs, yews, etc. Yours looks like a type of true cedar (Cedrus species) or a larch (Larix). If the tree is evergreen through the winter, it's probably a cedar. If the needles drop in the fall, it is a larch. I don't know if they are edible. Good think you didn't try them yet! You are smart to get a positive ID first.
