@Dave
Using the same browser as Dirtdorphins, Firefox 36.0.1, I'm getting the same results.
I added new plants trying both the button in the plant lists management area & the button in the plant's database entry.
I placed the added plant only in one category which was already set to be private view only.
When I checked the public view using a private window in Firefox, the added plant in a private category would appear in the list.
When I returned to my regular window (logged-in,)
I clicked the icon to edit the plant list entry.
I made NO edits & only clicked "save changes"
When I checked the public view again using a private window in Firefox, the edited plant would then disappear from the list.
I repeated the test several times with different plants and had the same results so there does appear to be a bug in the system when adding new plants.
Later, I added two new plants only to the private category.
Again, they both appeared in the public view.
I went to my manage categories page and clicked edit on the already private category.
I made NO edits and clicked only "save changes."
When I checked the public view again using a private window in Firefox, both newly added plants in the "edited" (but really unchanged) private category disappeared from the list.