Where we'd lived for the past 30-some years, you did not see many cats outside...far too many coyotes. We had one cat who spent days outside with us, but the other 6 cats were inside cats. The one outside cat was, by himself, enough to smash down every nepeta I tried to grow. We fed birds, hummers, crows, finches and the cat only caught one bird that we knew of.
Where we are now there are no coyotes and we're still amazed to see cats living outside, especially out in the pastures in the open. Our neighbor does cat rescue and we consequently enjoy quite a variety of her cats who seem to prefer our yard, maybe because everyone else has dogs. I feed crows, ravens, starlings, jays and one gull every day and the cats have not gone after one bird and we never find feathers anywhere. I don't think that I would hesitate to grow nepeta for fear of attracting cats because we already have quite a variety of them here....but I won't grow it because it wouldn't stand a chance....lol..