I have spent so much time with this, simply because I had a single Slaughter Pink with splash flowers, I feel pretty well versed on it. Of course, I am having to depend on folks that have dealt with plumeria over their entire horticultural career, and how much more knowledgeable would I want than a plant geneticist. Anyway, all these PhD's have so far been in agreement. This is splash petals I am dealing with and the splash phenomenon is due to some sort of stress. The most likely stress is severe heat and not keeping the root-ball moist enough to counteract the effects of rapid transpiration. I was given quite a bit of information on viruses as well and these guys said that virus transfer is very difficult and is only possible when virus-tainted sap (what I call latex) is directly transferred to another plant, such as using a contaminated lopper to cut another plant. I was told that even then, virus transfer is not common. Perhaps in other families of plants, but apparently not with plumeria. Again, they said that if I am not seeing leaf-deformity, it would be very unlikely that I have any sort of virus issue.
We seem too often to think the worse when we see the least bit of problem with our plants. Because plumeria leaves are so doggone large, everything we see on them is magnified (at least in our minds-eye). I get enquires all the time, wanting to know what's going on with fiddle leaf ficus plants. Again, the huge leaves magnify things that would not even be noticeable on small-leaved plants. I see photos posted all over the place showing some spots or discoloration on leaves, and more often than not, the "diagnoses" almost always seems to indicate bad stuff: bacterial, fugal, and/or virus. I will bet you 10 to 1, that I will see some other of my plants showing splash flowers this summer. There doesn't seem to be any end to our heat, and if heat is the primary initiator.........well.
I am certainly no expert here and don't pretend to be. I am simply relying on folks way smarter, certainly more educated in this sort of stuff, and who have spent decades researching plant genetics.