Hi Mike ...
Here is a link to an article written about miniature roses by Ralph Moore, who is known as the "Father of Miniature Roses", which should answer a lot of your questions.
http://www.paulbardenroses.com...
If you took a cutting from a miniature rose and propagated it, the new rose would be a clone of the original plant. The only way you can change the plant characteristics is to use the rose to breed a new plant by crossing it with another rose to add new genes to the mix.