The charts on this page show the probabilities of receiving a certain temperature on a certain day. Some examples that might help:
| Temperature | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First 16° | Nov 24 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 | Dec 18 | Dec 23 | Dec 28 | Jan 4 | Jan 14 |
| First 20° | Nov 13 | Nov 20 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 | Dec 18 | Dec 26 |
| First 24° | Nov 4 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 | Dec 10 |
| First 28° | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 |
| First 32° | Oct 21 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 |
| First 36° | Oct 12 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 |
What's a safe temperature for tender plants? Frost can form on plants even when the air temperature is above 32°. This happens because of radiative cooling. On clear nights, surfaces like leaves and the ground radiate their heat to the cold night sky. As dew forms on these surfaces, those water droplets continue losing heat and can reach freezing even when the surrounding air is a few degrees warmer. This is why frost is more common on clear, calm nights (clouds act as insulation against this heat loss) and why low-lying areas frost first, since the coldest air settles near the ground. So many factors come into play, including wind, cloud cover, nearby structures, trees, and terrain. Because of all this, you might want to consider 36° as "the danger zone".
In your average springtime, you have a 90% chance that there will be no 36° nights by April 30. In other words, you can pretty much count on being safe from frost by that day. But we want to get those tomatoes in the ground as soon as possible, right? We see that there's still an 80% chance of 36° on April 5, so we don't dare plant that early. We wait a few days and by April 15 we are at the 50/50 point. At this point, we are close and we can start watching the weather forecast. If the upcoming week's forecast doesn't show below 40°, then it's probably okay to risk planting out your plants. If conditions change and a surprise frost does threaten, there's always things you can do to protect plants from frost.
| Temperature | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last 16° | Mar 7 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 | Feb 19 | Feb 14 | Feb 8 | Feb 2 | Jan 27 | Jan 16 |
| Last 20° | Mar 16 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 19 | Feb 13 | Feb 4 |
| Last 24° | Mar 29 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 | Feb 20 |
| Last 28° | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 3 |
| Last 32° | Apr 20 | Apr 15 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 | Mar 16 |
| Last 36° | Apr 30 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 |
Now that you know your frost dates, use our Garden Planting Calendar for Oklahoma City Will Rogers Ap, OK to know when to sow and transplant your various vegetable plants!
Data is provided by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Photography by Garden.org member TBGDN.
The Victory Seed Company is family owned and operated, working to help fellow gardeners succeed by selling popular vegetable, herb and flower seeds. Since the 1990s they have been heavily involved with the preservation of rare, open-pollinated, heirloom seeds. Visit them at www.VictorySeeds.com.