| Plant Habit: | Herb/Forb |
| Life cycle: | Annual |
| Sun Requirements: | Partial or Dappled Shade Full Shade |
| Water Preferences: | In Water Wet Dry Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Very strongly acid (4.5 – 5.0) Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Strongly alkaline (8.5 – 9.0) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 2 -45.6 °C (-50 °F) to -42.8 °C (-45°F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 12 |
| Leaves: | Good fall color Fragrant |
| Flowers: | Blooms on new wood |
| Flower Color: | Purple |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Spring Fall Late fall or early winter |
| Suitable Locations: | Bog gardening Topiary |
| Uses: | Shade Tree Vegetable Cooked greens Suitable as Annual |
| Edible Parts: | Bark Leaves |
| Eating Methods: | Fermented |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Birds Butterflies |
| Resistances: | Tolerates foot traffic Humidity tolerant |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Provide light: �0�7F6-5��F Suitable for wintersowing: swec fSorua Can handle transplanting: a141- yd2s |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Layering Stolons and runners |
| Pollinators: | Water Wind Various insects |
| Containers: | Suitable in 1 gallon Needs repotting every 2 to 3 years |
| Miscellaneous: | With thorns/spines/prickles/teeth |
| Conservation status: | Extinct in the Wild (EW) |
| Ploidy: | Pentaploid |
