On average, you have 215 frost-free growing days beginning Mar 31 and ending Nov 1.
Keep reading, or jump to the Spring Strategy or the Fall Strategy.
Cole crops (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, lettuce, spinach): Direct seed around February 18 if ground is workable. For better results, start indoors around January 21 and transplant around March 11.
Onions, potatoes, and peas: Plant around January 31. If ground is frozen, plant immediately after thaw.
Tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants: Start indoors around January 21. Transplant around March 27 after last frost.
Warm-season crops (beans, corn, squash, pumpkins, cucumbers, melons, gourds, sunflowers): Direct seed around March 31 when soil temperature reaches 60°F.
| Crop | Sow seeds indoors | Transplant seedlings into the garden | Direct sow seeds |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asparagus | n/a | Feb 15 - Mar 1 | n/a |
| Beans | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 28 |
| Beets | n/a | n/a | Feb 4 - Feb 18 |
| Broccoli | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Brussel Sprouts | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Cabbage | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Cantaloupe | n/a | n/a | Mar 17 - Mar 31 |
| Carrots | n/a | n/a | Feb 18 - Mar 17 |
| Cauliflower | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Chard | n/a | n/a | Feb 18 - Mar 3 |
| Collards | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Corn | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 14 |
| Cucumbers | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 14 |
| Eggplants | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 31 - Apr 14 | n/a |
| Gourds, Squash and Pumpkins | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 14 |
| Kale | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Kohlrabi | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Lettuce | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Feb 18 - Mar 17 | Feb 18 - Mar 17 |
| Mustard | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | n/a |
| Okra | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 14 |
| Onions | Jan 14 - Jan 21 | Jan 31 - Mar 1 | n/a |
| Peas (English) | n/a | n/a | Jan 31 - Mar 1 |
| Peas (Southern) | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 28 |
| Peas (Sugar Snap) | n/a | n/a | Jan 31 - Mar 1 |
| Peppers | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 31 - Apr 14 | n/a |
| Potatoes | n/a | n/a | Jan 31 - Mar 1 |
| Radishes | n/a | n/a | Feb 15 - Apr 14 |
| Spinach | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 3 - Mar 17 | Feb 15 - Mar 17 |
| Sweet Potatoes | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 21 | n/a |
| Tomatoes | Jan 21 - Feb 4 | Mar 31 - Apr 14 | n/a |
| Watermelon | n/a | n/a | Mar 31 - Apr 14 |
Fall planting requires working backward from the first frost date (November 1) to ensure crops mature before winter. Check seed packets for "Days to Harvest" as timing varies by variety.
Tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants: Require approximately 100 days to harvest. Transplant by July 24.
Garlic: Plant around September 17 when soil temperature reaches 60°F at 4-inch depth. Separate cloves and plant 3-4 inches deep. Regional timing varies.
Cole crops (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, lettuce, spinach): Direct seed around August 23. Due to summer heat, starting indoors around July 4 and transplanting around August 13 yields better results.
Peas: Direct sow around August 18.
Warm-season crops (beans, corn, squash, pumpkins, cucumbers, melons, gourds, sunflowers): Direct seed around July 19.
| Crop | Sow seeds indoors | Transplant seedlings into the garden | Direct sow seeds |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beans | n/a | n/a | Jul 19 - Aug 18 |
| Beets | n/a | n/a | Aug 18 - Oct 2 |
| Broccoli | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Brussel Sprouts | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Cabbage | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Cantaloupe | n/a | n/a | Jul 4 - Jul 19 |
| Carrots | n/a | n/a | Aug 3 - Oct 2 |
| Cauliflower | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Chard | n/a | n/a | Jul 19 - Oct 2 |
| Collards | Jul 4 - Aug 18 | Aug 3 - Sep 17 | n/a |
| Corn | n/a | n/a | Jul 19 - Aug 3 |
| Cucumbers | n/a | n/a | Jul 19 - Aug 3 |
| Eggplants | May 23 - Jun 7 | Jul 4 - Jul 19 | n/a |
| Garlic | n/a | n/a | Aug 18 - Oct 2 |
| Gourds, Squash and Pumpkins | n/a | n/a | Jun 19 - Jul 19 |
| Kale | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Kohlrabi | Jun 7 - Jul 22 | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | n/a |
| Lettuce | Aug 3 - Sep 2 | Sep 2 - Oct 2 | Sep 2 - Oct 2 |
| Mustard | n/a | n/a | Sep 2 - Oct 2 |
| Okra | n/a | n/a | Jun 19 - Jul 19 |
| Onions | n/a | n/a | Oct 2 - Oct 12 |
| Parsley | Jun 19 - Aug 3 | Aug 3 - Sep 17 | n/a |
| Peas (English) | n/a | n/a | Aug 3 - Sep 2 |
| Peas (Southern) | n/a | n/a | Jun 19 - Jul 19 |
| Peas (Sugar Snap) | n/a | n/a | Aug 3 - Sep 2 |
| Peppers | May 28 - Jun 12 | Jul 9 - Jul 24 | n/a |
| Potatoes | n/a | n/a | Aug 3 - Sep 2 |
| Radishes | n/a | n/a | Sep 2 - Oct 2 |
| Spinach | Jul 19 - Sep 2 | Aug 18 - Oct 2 | Aug 18 - Oct 2 |
| Tomatoes | May 28 - Jun 12 | Jul 9 - Jul 24 | n/a |
| Turnips | n/a | n/a | Sep 17 - Oct 17 |
| Watermelon | n/a | n/a | Jun 19 - Jul 19 |